Breast cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in women, affecting one in every eight women in the U.S. The goal of screening exams for early breast cancer detection is to identify breast abnormalities as early as possible. And if breast cancer is found early, there are more treatment options and a better chance for survival.
When breast cancer is found because there are symptoms, they tend to be larger and more advanced. In contrast, breast cancers that are found during a routine screening are more likely to be smaller and still confined to the breast. The two most important factors in predicting a woman’s prognosis with the disease are the size of breast cancer and how far it has spread.
A mammogram can find breast cancer before it can be felt. And although it is a good screening tool, it is not perfect. Combining mammography with a clinical breast exam and self-exams make your chances of identifying cancer even greater. Having regular breast exams can ease your mind, and early detection of breast cancer may save lives.
Below are five things to know about getting a breast cancer screening:
1. What is it like to get a mammogram?
A mammogram is an x-ray that takes pictures of each breast. Your breast will need to be compressed during the picture, which can feel tight and uncomfortable, but only for a few seconds. Some patients could be asked to come back for additional imaging if there are any areas in questions. Most of the time if you have been asked to come back, nothing more is needed except those additional images.
2. What kinds of mammograms are there?
Digital mammography is now routine in most places. Having tomosynthesis (a 3D mammogram) as part of your digital mammogram improves detection of breast cancer.
3. Why is a mammogram necessary if I don’t have a family history of breast cancer?
Most women diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history. Your chances of getting breast cancer increase with age. Nearly 80 percent of breast cancers are found in people over the age of 50.
4. What if I there is a family history of breast cancer?
If you have an immediate relative diagnosed with breast cancer, especially if before the age of 40, you could have a higher risk. Your doctor can help you determine if you are at high risk for breast cancer or can refer you to a breast specialist. You should get an annual breast MRI in addition to mammography if you are considered high risk.
5. What if I have dense breasts?
Some women have what radiologists note as dense breast tissue. This is normal, however it can hide tumors on mammograms. If you’ve been told you have dense breasts, talk to your doctor or mammographer about having a breast ultrasound. Ultrasounds do not replace mammography, but’s it is an option that is available for additional screening in women with dense breasts.
We know there are other factors that can cause breast cancer. Certain genetic mutations, including changes to the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, are associated with higher risks of developing breast cancer. Genetic testing can help determine if you carry these genes. Research also shows that there is a link between your reproductive and menstrual history and the risk of breast cancer, some of these risk factors include:
- Early onset menstruation (before age 12)
- Late onset menopause (after age 55)
- Never having children, childbirth later in life, or not breastfeeding
- Menopausal hormone therapy and certain types of birth control may have hormones that are risk factors for breast cancer.
Studies show other factors which you can control could lower your risk of developing breast cancer. Living a healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity, limiting alcohol and eating a nutritious diet may be beneficial to your overall health. If you have any concerns regarding your risk factors for developing breast cancer, talk to your health care team.
At Greenville Women’s Care, we know breast cancer screenings, detection, and the risk factors can be very confusing. Our team of physicians and providers are here to not only provide you with your regular screenings, but to answer any questions you may have and keep you informed of changes in screening guidelines. We welcome your questions, so please call today to schedule your regular clinical appointment and mammogram, 252-757-3131!